cpu内存IO硬盘压力及温度测试

安装stress

stress-ng 更强大，可模拟生产环境的各种情况进行压测。但这个更简单。如果仅是对硬件测试，使用stress即可。

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$ sudo apt install stress
$ stress --version
stress 1.0.4

命令行参数

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root@pi:/home/pi# stress -h
stress: FAIL: [12946] (244) unrecognized option: -h
root@pi:/home/pi# stress --help
`stress' imposes certain types of compute stress on your system

Usage: stress [OPTION [ARG]] ...
 -?, --help         show this help statement
     --version      show version statement
 -v, --verbose      be verbose
 -q, --quiet        be quiet
 -n, --dry-run      show what would have been done
 -t, --timeout N    timeout after N seconds
     --backoff N    wait factor of N microseconds before work starts
 -c, --cpu N        spawn N workers spinning on sqrt()
 -i, --io N         spawn N workers spinning on sync()
 -m, --vm N         spawn N workers spinning on malloc()/free()
     --vm-bytes B   malloc B bytes per vm worker (default is 256MB)
     --vm-stride B  touch a byte every B bytes (default is 4096)
     --vm-hang N    sleep N secs before free (default none, 0 is inf)
     --vm-keep      redirty memory instead of freeing and reallocating
 -d, --hdd N        spawn N workers spinning on write()/unlink()
     --hdd-bytes B  write B bytes per hdd worker (default is 1GB)

Example: stress --cpu 8 --io 4 --vm 2 --vm-bytes 128M --timeout 10s

Note: Numbers may be suffixed with s,m,h,d,y (time) or B,K,M,G (size).

测试

测试命令如下，具体操作见上方帮助。

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stress -c 4 -t 3600 # 创建4个进程压测 cpu 1小时
stress -m 4 -t 3600 # 创建4个进程压测 内存 1小时
stress -i 4 -t 3600 # 创建4个进程压测 io 1小时
stress -d 4 -t 3600 # 创建4个进程压测 硬盘 1小时
stress -c 4 -m 4 -i 4 -d 4 -t 1h # 以上同时压测1小时。后缀可为：s,m,h,d,y

封装一下 vi /bin/t 内容如下，使用 t 1h 即可测试。

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#!/bin/bash
stress -c 4 -m 4 -i 4 -d 4 -t $1

输出无温度时只显示成功，如下所示，有时温度过高报警信息会打出报警。

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root@pi:/home/pi# t 1m
stress: info: [12502] dispatching hogs: 4 cpu, 4 io, 4 vm, 4 hdd
stress: info: [12502] successful run completed in 63s

循环压力测试并打印温度

压测30分钟，每分钟打印一次温度: for i in {1..30}; do t 1m; sensors; done
压测30分钟，打印最后温度: t 30m; sensors

usb3.0测试

挂载优盘到文件夹： mount /dev/sdc1 u
测试写入速度可以在优盘里写入一个2G大文件，并打印速度和时间： time dd if=/dev/zero of=u/test bs=1M count=2000 conv=fdatasync
测试读取速度要先清除缓存：echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches 然后读取刚写入的大文件：time dd if=u/test of=/dev/null bs=1M

声卡测试

apt install sox libsox-fmt-all，播放：play 7.mp3

sudo apt-get install moc，打开播放器：mocp

网卡测试

打印网卡信息

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root@pi:/home/pi# lshw -class network
  *-network:0 DISABLED
       description: Ethernet interface
       product: Ethernet Controller 10G X550T
       vendor: Intel Corporation
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:07:00.0
       logical name: enp7s0f0
       version: 01
       serial: 58:53:c0:57:00:10
       capacity: 10Gbit/s
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm msi msix pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd 10000bt-fd autonegotiation
       configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=ixgbe driverversion=5.1.0-k firmware=0x80000a73 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair
       resources: irq:16 memory:d2800000-d2bfffff memory:d2c04000-d2c07fff memory:90000000-9007ffff memory:90100000-901fffff memory:90200000-902fffff
  *-network:1 DISABLED
       description: Ethernet interface
       product: Ethernet Controller 10G X550T
       vendor: Intel Corporation
       physical id: 0.1
       bus info: pci@0000:07:00.1
       logical name: enp7s0f1
       version: 01
       serial: 58:53:c0:57:00:11
       capacity: 10Gbit/s
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm msi msix pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd 10000bt-fd autonegotiation
       configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=ixgbe driverversion=5.1.0-k firmware=0x80000a73 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair
       resources: irq:17 memory:d2400000-d27fffff memory:d2c00000-d2c03fff memory:90080000-900fffff memory:90300000-903fffff memory:90400000-904fffff

从打印信息可见，该网卡为万兆网卡

ping测试延时、抖动、丢包率

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root@pi:/home/pi# ping 10.102.75.4
PING 10.102.75.4 (10.102.75.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.160 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.252 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.149 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.154 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.186 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.520 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.204 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=0.230 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=0.170 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=10 ttl=64 time=0.520 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=11 ttl=64 time=0.173 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=12 ttl=64 time=0.177 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=13 ttl=64 time=0.205 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=14 ttl=64 time=0.310 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=15 ttl=64 time=0.326 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=16 ttl=64 time=0.318 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=17 ttl=64 time=0.328 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=18 ttl=64 time=0.314 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=19 ttl=64 time=0.129 ms
64 bytes from 10.102.75.4: icmp_seq=20 ttl=64 time=0.372 ms
^C
--- 10.102.75.4 ping statistics ---
20 packets transmitted, 20 received, 0% packet loss, time 19454ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.129/0.259/0.520/0.114 ms

丢包率0%,抖动是-0.13ms到+0.261ms，延时是 0.114ms（毫秒）

使用iperf3进行网速测试

iperf3是一个网络速度测试工具，支持IPv4与IPv6，支持TCP、UDP、SCTP传输协议，可在Windows、Mac OS X、Linux、FreeBSD等各种平台使用，是一个简单又实用的小工具。安装 :apt install iperf3

服务端打开监听

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root@pi-pc:/home/pi/src/embedded/uboot/uboot-alientec# iperf3 -s
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201
-----------------------------------------------------------

客户端进行连接

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root@pi:/home/pi# iperf3 -c 10.102.75.3
Connecting to host 10.102.75.3, port 5201
[  4] local 10.102.75.4 port 44798 connected to 10.102.75.3 port 5201
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Retr  Cwnd
[  4]   0.00-1.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.42 Gbits/sec    8    554 KBytes       
[  4]   1.00-2.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec    2    615 KBytes       
[  4]   2.00-3.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec    0    615 KBytes       
[  4]   3.00-4.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.42 Gbits/sec    0    628 KBytes       
[  4]   4.00-5.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec    0    656 KBytes       
[  4]   5.00-6.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec    0    663 KBytes       
[  4]   6.00-7.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.42 Gbits/sec    0    663 KBytes       
[  4]   7.00-8.00   sec  1.09 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec    0    687 KBytes       
[  4]   8.00-9.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.42 Gbits/sec    0    687 KBytes       
[  4]   9.00-10.00  sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec    0    687 KBytes       
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Retr
[  4]   0.00-10.00  sec  11.0 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec   10             sender
[  4]   0.00-10.00  sec  11.0 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec                  receiver

iperf Done.

此时服务端也打印了信息：

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Accepted connection from 10.102.75.3, port 41128
[  5] local 10.102.75.4 port 5201 connected to 10.102.75.3 port 41130
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec  1.05 GBytes  9.04 Gbits/sec                  
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec                  
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec                  
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec                  
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec                  
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec                  
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec                  
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec                  
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec                  
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec  1.10 GBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec                  
[  5]  10.00-10.04  sec  44.1 MBytes  9.41 Gbits/sec                  
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth
[  5]   0.00-10.04  sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec                  sender
[  5]   0.00-10.04  sec  11.0 GBytes  9.38 Gbits/sec                  receiver
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201
-----------------------------------------------------------

从以上信息可见，网速约为万兆。

无线网卡测试（wifi6）

只需使用ifconfig，在其接口中找到wl开头的网卡名即可。如还有其它无线网卡，则对应的数量应与实际一致。

wifi6网卡与其它无线网卡仅仅是支持的协议标准不一样（802.11 a/b/g/n/ac/ax，wifi6支持ax），并无其它区别。

串口测试

列出所有可用串口名

方法一：dmesg | grep ttyS，如果有USB转串口则：dmesg | grep ttyUSB

方法二：cat /proc/tty/driver/serial
将串口的2脚和3脚短接（长排在上，从左至右）

使用minicom -D <串口名>，逐个测试每个可用的串口，任一进入后输入有回显，则表示此短接的串口可用。同时也找到了此串口在系统中“串口名”。

5G测试

搭建如下图环境：

笔记本，将网口修改IP为192.168.3.x网段的IP。
Edge，笔记本连接网口2，通过ssh能登录。
（非必需）安装TeamViewer或向日葵，笔记本通过手机热点或wifi或有线可上网，方便厂商远程调试。

测试方法：

准备sim卡。先使用普通SIM卡在办公室测试，再使用物联网专用SIM卡（并获知其IP）到客户现场测试。
Sim卡插入edge中，开机会自动拨号.
由于edge没有其它上网通道，普通SIM卡可以通过ping baidu.com来测试是否拨号成功。
物联网专用SIM卡可通过PING内网的服务器测试，如ping 45.117.20.87。

nvidia显卡测试

使用nvidia-smi查看当前显卡工作状态，如下有：GeForce RTX 2060，风扇转速，温度，性能，持续模式，功耗等。下面的表显示进程的显存占用，x-server运行时才有进程数据。

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root@pi-V3CD:/home/pi# nvidia-smi 
Wed Apr  8 13:57:29 2020       
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 435.21       Driver Version: 435.21       CUDA Version: 10.1     |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  GeForce RTX 2060    Off  | 00000000:01:00.0  On |                  N/A |
| 47%   37C    P8     6W / 160W |    211MiB /  5933MiB |      3%      Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
                                                                               
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                       GPU Memory |
|  GPU       PID   Type   Process name                             Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
|    0       954      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                            85MiB |
|    0      1104      G   /usr/bin/gnome-shell                         124MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

GPIO测试

主板厂家GPIO定义如下图，有4个输入（1,2,3,4），4个输出（5,6,7,8），GND（9）和VCC（10），共10个引脚。

厂家提供源码，可读取输入和控制输出。对于输入口，默认为高电平，将GND与IO口短接时读取到低电平，断开读到高电平。对于输出口，默认输出高电平，因此将 LED的短引脚接GND，长引脚接IO，默认会亮，使用程序使之变为低电平则LED灭，再变为高电平则LED亮。

编译后的程序在：/usr/src/Linux_GPIO_RW/gpio_rw，使用方法：

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root@iot:/usr/src/Linux_GPIO_RW# ./gpio_rw --help
Usage: gpio_rw [options]
options:
	-r read gpio
	-w write gpio
	-a address of certain gpio
	-b bit of certain gpio
	-v value of certain gpio to be written
Example:
	gpio_rw -r -a 0x50E -b 6	 : read  gpio<0x50E,bit6>
	gpio_rw -w -a 0x50E -b 6 -v 1	 : write gpio<0x50E,bit6> = 1
	gpio_rw -r -x 0x50E		 : read  gpio Byte<0x50E>
	gpio_rw -w -x 0x50E -v EF	 : write gpio Byte<0x50E> = 0xEF

Report Bugs to: <[email protected]>

	Senzhen Seavo Technology Co.,LTD. All Right Reserved.
	 gpio_rw v1.0.1	2017-02-22

从上图可以看出，8个IO映射到内存的同一个字节，但其”bit位“与IO口不是顺序对应的，例如：要查询2的输入值，应查询bit0的值，因此每次测试都需要按图找对应的BIT位，比较麻烦。

因此，我封装了一个脚本test，放入程序相同目录：/usr/src/Linux_GPIO_RW/test，使用方法：

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root@iot:/usr/src/Linux_GPIO_RW# ./test 
9为地，10默认为3.3v。使用方法：
  ./test 1/2/3/4      输入为1-4，默认高电平，IO短接9将读到低电平
  ./test 5/6/7/8 1/0  输出为5-8，默认高电平，LED连接IO和9可控制亮灭

ubuntu硬件测试

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